Everything about Inferior Oblique Muscle totally explained
The
Obliquus oculi inferior (inferior oblique) is a thin, narrow muscle, placed near the anterior margin of the floor of the
orbit.
Action
Its
actions are lateral rotation, elevation and abduction of the eye.
Primary action is
extorsion; secondary action is
elevation; tertiary action is
abduction (for example it extorts the eye and moves it upward and outward). The field of maximal inferior oblique elevation is in the adducted position.
Path
It arises from the orbital surface of the
maxilla, lateral to the
lacrimal groove.
Passing lateralward, backward, and upward, between the
inferior rectus and the floor of the orbit, the inferior oblique inserts onto the
scleral surface between the
inferior rectus and
lateral rectus.
It is the only muscle of eye movement whose origin isn't on the common tendonous ring (
annulus of Zinn).
Innervation
The inferior oblique is innervated by the inferior division of the
oculomotor nerve (cranial nerve III).
Clinical significance
While commonly affected by palsies of the inferior division of the oculomotor nerve, isolated palsies of the inferior oblique (without affecting other functions of the oculomotor nerve) are quite rare.
"Overaction" of the inferior oblique muscle is a commonly observed component of childhood
strabismus, particularly infantile
esotropia and
exotropia. Because true hyperinnervation isn't usually present, this phenomenon is better termed "elevation in adduction".
Surgical procedures of the inferior oblique include: loosening (
recession),
myectomy, marginal myotomy, and denervation and extirpation.
Additional images
Image:Gray890.png|Dissection showing origins of right ocular muscles, and nerves entering by the superior orbital fissure.
Further Information
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